SkyForge

Terraform / IaC

SkyForge

Terraform for AWS: a single-EC2 Docker host, or ECS Fargate, tested offline.

Reference architecture and offline tests for a fictional Initech checkout-api. This is not a client project. No AWS account is used and nothing here is a price.

构建时记录 . Recorded when this demo was built. The page does not re-run Terraform, tflint, or checkov.

Two routes

A. Single EC2
Clients Elastic IP EC2 t3, Amazon Linux 2023 nginx checkout-api Docker Compose from user_data Security group 80 and 443 EBS gp3, encrypted DLM daily snapshot SSM Session Manager no port 22 CloudWatch agent logs
B. ECS Fargate
Clients ALB + ACM 443 forward 80 redirect VPC, two availability zones Public subnet one NAT optional off Private AZ a Fargate task Private AZ b Fargate task ECR SSM parameter Optional RDS Postgres private subnets only CloudWatch Logs CPU autoscaling

Resource inventory

Counted with python-hcl2 from the .tf files. A module file counts once, not once per caller.

79 resource blocks, 7 module blocks.

Resource typeCount
aws_appautoscaling_policy1
aws_appautoscaling_target1
aws_cloudwatch_log_group3
aws_db_instance1
aws_db_subnet_group1
aws_default_security_group1
aws_dlm_lifecycle_policy1
aws_dynamodb_table1
aws_ecr_lifecycle_policy1
aws_ecr_repository1
aws_ecs_cluster1
aws_ecs_service1
aws_ecs_task_definition1
aws_eip2
aws_flow_log1
aws_iam_instance_profile1
aws_iam_role6
aws_iam_role_policy6
aws_iam_role_policy_attachment1
aws_instance1
aws_internet_gateway1
aws_kms_alias3
aws_kms_key3
aws_lb1
aws_lb_listener2
aws_lb_target_group1
aws_nat_gateway1
aws_route2
aws_route_table2
aws_route_table_association2
aws_s3_bucket2
aws_s3_bucket_lifecycle_configuration2
aws_s3_bucket_ownership_controls2
aws_s3_bucket_policy2
aws_s3_bucket_public_access_block2
aws_s3_bucket_server_side_encryption_configuration2
aws_s3_bucket_versioning2
aws_security_group5
aws_security_group_rule1
aws_ssm_parameter3
aws_subnet2
aws_vpc1
aws_vpc_endpoint2

Module calls

ModuleSourceFile
state../modules/state_backendbootstrap/main.tf
network../modules/networkecs-fargate/main.tf
ecr../modules/ecrecs-fargate/main.tf
alb../modules/albecs-fargate/main.tf
service../modules/ecs_serviceecs-fargate/main.tf
network../modules/networksingle-ec2/main.tf
host../modules/ec2_docker_hostsingle-ec2/main.tf

Checks

构建时记录. These cards repeat data/checks.json. Opening the page does not run Terraform.

terraform: Terraform v1.9.8 · tflint: TFLint version 0.55.1 · checkov: 3.2.449

AWS_ACCESS_KEY_ID was empty when these commands ran.

terraform fmt -check

pass

exit 0

Started 2026-10-03T06:25:29Z · 0.181s

terraform validate

pass

3 roots

  • single_ec2 exit 0 · 2.04s
  • ecs_fargate exit 0 · 2.431s
  • bootstrap exit 0 · 2.007s

tflint

pass

exit 0

Started 2026-10-03T06:25:35Z · 1.058s

checkov

fail

14 failed

passed 218, failed 14, skipped 2. HIGH failures: 0.

checkov 3.2.449 leaves severity empty unless a Bridgecrew or Prisma API key is set. Each severity below is the Severity field on that check's public Prisma Cloud policy page, fetched while this file was written.

Failed checks

  • CKV_AWS_260 LOW · module.alb.aws_security_group.alb · Ensure no security groups allow ingress from 0.0.0.0:0 to port 80
  • CKV_AWS_150 LOW · module.alb.aws_lb.this · Ensure that Load Balancer has deletion protection enabled
  • CKV_AWS_260 LOW · module.host.aws_security_group.host · Ensure no security groups allow ingress from 0.0.0.0:0 to port 80
  • CKV2_AWS_62 LOW · module.alb.aws_s3_bucket.logs · Ensure S3 buckets should have event notifications enabled
  • CKV2_AWS_62 LOW · module.state.aws_s3_bucket.state · Ensure S3 buckets should have event notifications enabled
  • CKV2_AWS_19 LOW · module.network.aws_eip.nat[0] · Ensure that all EIP addresses allocated to a VPC are attached to EC2 instances
  • CKV_AWS_144 LOW · module.alb.aws_s3_bucket.logs · Ensure that S3 bucket has cross-region replication enabled
  • CKV_AWS_144 LOW · module.state.aws_s3_bucket.state · Ensure that S3 bucket has cross-region replication enabled
  • CKV2_AWS_5 LOW · module.network.aws_security_group.endpoints[0] · Ensure that Security Groups are attached to another resource
  • CKV2_AWS_34 LOW · module.host.aws_ssm_parameter.cwagent · AWS SSM Parameter should be Encrypted
  • CKV2_AWS_30 LOW · aws_db_instance.app · Ensure Postgres RDS as aws_db_instance has Query Logging enabled
  • CKV_AWS_18 LOW · module.alb.aws_s3_bucket.logs · Ensure the S3 bucket has access logging enabled
  • CKV_AWS_18 LOW · module.state.aws_s3_bucket.state · Ensure the S3 bucket has access logging enabled
  • CKV2_AWS_28 LOW · module.alb.aws_lb.this · Ensure public facing ALB are protected by WAF

HIGH exceptions

  • CKV_AWS_355 HIGH · module.host.aws_iam_role_policy.session — ssmmessages, ec2messages, and ssm:UpdateInstanceInformation do not support resource-level permissions; AWS requires Resource *
  • CKV_AWS_290 HIGH · module.host.aws_iam_role_policy.session — those Session Manager write actions cannot be constrained to a resource ARN

terraform test

pass

6 runs

Started 2026-10-03T06:25:41Z · 5.071s. passed 6, failed 0, errored 0, skipped 0.

  • ec2_dev_sg_and_tags pass
  • ec2_prod_size pass
  • ecs_dev_alb_role_and_tags pass
  • ecs_prod_size pass
  • ecs_without_nat pass
  • ecs_with_rds pass

Which route

No prices. Sizes are read from envs/dev.tfvars and envs/prod.tfvars.

Single EC2ECS Fargate
ShapeOne host, Compose, user_dataVPC, ALB, ECR, Fargate service
AvailabilityOne machine in one zoneTwo zones, load balancer, rolling deploy
OperationsPatch the OS. SSM instead of SSH. Daily EBS snapshots.No host OS. Ship a new task definition.
Change in sizeReplace the instanceCPU target tracking between min and max
Dev in the examplet3.small256 CPU / 512 MiB
Prod in the examplet3.medium512 CPU / 1024 MiB
Fits whenThe service can live on one machineA task or a zone failing should not take the service down

Files

modules/alb/main.tf

data "aws_caller_identity" "current" {}

locals {
  tags = {
    Project = var.project
    Env     = var.env
    Owner   = var.owner
  }
}

resource "aws_security_group" "alb" {
  name        = "${var.name}-alb"
  description = "Public HTTP and HTTPS into the load balancer"
  vpc_id      = var.vpc_id
  tags        = merge(local.tags, { Name = "${var.name}-alb" })

  ingress {
    description = "http redirect only"
    from_port   = 80
    to_port     = 80
    protocol    = "tcp"
    cidr_blocks = ["0.0.0.0/0"]
  }

  ingress {
    description = "https"
    from_port   = 443
    to_port     = 443
    protocol    = "tcp"
    cidr_blocks = ["0.0.0.0/0"]
  }

  egress {
    description = "tasks in this vpc"
    from_port   = 8080
    to_port     = 8080
    protocol    = "tcp"
    cidr_blocks = [var.vpc_cidr]
  }
}

resource "aws_s3_bucket" "logs" {
  bucket = var.log_bucket_name
  tags   = local.tags
}

resource "aws_s3_bucket_ownership_controls" "logs" {
  bucket = aws_s3_bucket.logs.id

  rule {
    object_ownership = "BucketOwnerEnforced"
  }
}

resource "aws_s3_bucket_public_access_block" "logs" {
  bucket                  = aws_s3_bucket.logs.id
  block_public_acls       = true
  block_public_policy     = true
  ignore_public_acls      = true
  restrict_public_buckets = true
}

resource "aws_s3_bucket_versioning" "logs" {
  bucket = aws_s3_bucket.logs.id

  versioning_configuration {
    status = "Enabled"
  }
}

resource "aws_s3_bucket_server_side_encryption_configuration" "logs" {
  bucket = aws_s3_bucket.logs.id

  rule {
    apply_server_side_encryption_by_default {
      sse_algorithm     = "aws:kms"
      kms_master_key_id = var.kms_key_arn
    }
    bucket_key_enabled = true
  }
}

resource "aws_s3_bucket_lifecycle_configuration" "logs" {
  bucket = aws_s3_bucket.logs.id

  rule {
    id     = "expire-access-logs"
    status = "Enabled"

    filter {}

    expiration {
      days = 90
    }

    abort_incomplete_multipart_upload {
      days_after_initiation = 7
    }
  }
}

resource "aws_s3_bucket_policy" "logs" {
  bucket = aws_s3_bucket.logs.id

  policy = jsonencode({
    Version = "2012-10-17"
    Statement = [
      {
        Sid       = "DenyInsecureTransport"
        Effect    = "Deny"
        Principal = "*"
        Action    = "s3:*"
        Resource = [
          aws_s3_bucket.logs.arn,
          "${aws_s3_bucket.logs.arn}/*",
        ]
        Condition = {
          Bool = { "aws:SecureTransport" = "false" }
        }
      },
      {
        Sid       = "AllowAlbLogDelivery"
        Effect    = "Allow"
        Principal = { Service = "logdelivery.elasticloadbalancing.amazonaws.com" }
        Action    = "s3:PutObject"
        Resource  = "${aws_s3_bucket.logs.arn}/alb/AWSLogs/${data.aws_caller_identity.current.account_id}/*"
        Condition = {
          StringEquals = {
            "aws:SourceAccount" = data.aws_caller_identity.current.account_id
          }
        }
      },
    ]
  })
}

resource "aws_lb" "this" {
  name                       = var.name
  load_balancer_type         = "application"
  internal                   = false
  subnets                    = var.public_subnet_ids
  security_groups            = [aws_security_group.alb.id]
  drop_invalid_header_fields = true
  enable_deletion_protection = var.deletion_protection
  desync_mitigation_mode     = "defensive"
  tags                       = local.tags

  access_logs {
    bucket  = aws_s3_bucket.logs.id
    prefix  = "alb"
    enabled = true
  }

  depends_on = [
    aws_s3_bucket_policy.logs,
    aws_s3_bucket_public_access_block.logs,
  ]
}

resource "aws_lb_target_group" "app" {
  name        = "${var.name}-app"
  port        = 8080
  protocol    = "HTTP"
  target_type = "ip"
  vpc_id      = var.vpc_id
  tags        = local.tags

  health_check {
    path                = "/healthz"
    protocol            = "HTTP"
    matcher             = "200"
    interval            = 30
    timeout             = 5
    healthy_threshold   = 2
    unhealthy_threshold = 3
  }
}

resource "aws_lb_listener" "https" {
  load_balancer_arn = aws_lb.this.arn
  port              = 443
  protocol          = "HTTPS"
  ssl_policy        = "ELBSecurityPolicy-TLS13-1-2-2021-06"
  certificate_arn   = var.certificate_arn
  tags              = local.tags

  default_action {
    type             = "forward"
    target_group_arn = aws_lb_target_group.app.arn
  }
}

resource "aws_lb_listener" "http" {
  load_balancer_arn = aws_lb.this.arn
  port              = 80
  protocol          = "HTTP"
  tags              = local.tags

  default_action {
    type = "redirect"

    redirect {
      port        = "443"
      protocol    = "HTTPS"
      status_code = "HTTP_301"
    }
  }
}